The Federal Reserve's September 16, 2026, decision to raise the federal funds target range by 25 basis points to 3.75%-4.00%—its first hike since 2023—combined with updated Summary of Economic Projections showing a median 4.1% rate by year-end, underpins the 100% market-implied probability of at least one rate hike in 2026. Persistent inflation, with headline PCE projected at 3.7% and core at 3.4% for 2026 amid energy price shocks from geopolitical tensions, import tariffs, and robust AI-driven capital spending, has prompted the hawkish shift under Chair Kevin Warsh. A resilient labor market and solid GDP growth of 2.3% further support tighter policy. Tail risks include faster-than-expected disinflation or a sharp economic slowdown that could prompt the FOMC to pause after the anticipated additional hike later this year.