Ongoing Israeli airstrikes in Gaza, including the September 23 elimination of a senior Hamas finance official, continue amid a fragile October 2025 ceasefire, reflecting stalled implementation of the U.S.-backed Board of Peace framework. Progress toward deploying the International Stabilization Force remains limited despite July cabinet approval for a small multinational pilot contingent from countries such as Morocco and Uganda, as Hamas has not completed verified disarmament and Israel conditions any broader withdrawal on that step. Recent Board announcements of a $2.45 billion six-month recovery program and donor coordination have not yet translated into ground operations by foreign personnel. Trader assessments of near-term intervention probabilities reflect these persistent barriers, with scheduled diplomatic engagements offering potential catalysts for shifts.