Iran’s refusal to grant IAEA inspectors access to the Isfahan, Fordow, and Natanz enrichment sites since the June 2025 U.S. and Israeli strikes has left the agency without verification of highly enriched uranium stockpiles or facility status at those locations. Subsequent attacks in February 2026 further damaged infrastructure, after which Tehran cited safety concerns and the need for a comprehensive U.S.-Iran agreement including sanctions relief before resuming visits. An interim understanding discussed in June 2026 produced no on-site inspections, and Iranian officials have consistently conditioned access on broader negotiations. As of September 2026, the IAEA Board referred Iran’s safeguards noncompliance to the UN Security Council, while Director General Grossi has urged urgent resumption of verification activities. Ongoing construction at nearby sites like Pickaxe Mountain and stalled modalities talks continue to shape assessments of near-term inspector entry.